Adult Critical Care Specialty (ACCS) Practice Exam

What is a common complication associated with septic patients in the critical care unit?

1. Hypotension

2. Hypertension

3. Bradypnea

4. Hypothermia

The correct answer is: Hypotension

Hypotension is a common and significant complication in septic patients within critical care settings. Septic shock, a severe manifestation of sepsis, is characterized by a persistent drop in blood pressure despite adequate fluid resuscitation. This is largely due to vasodilation caused by the release of inflammatory mediators in response to infection. As a result, septic patients often experience reduced vascular resistance, leading to decreased blood pressure. Monitoring and managing hypotension is crucial in the critical care environment, as improper blood pressure levels can negatively impact organ perfusion and overall patient outcomes. In contrast, hypertension is less commonly associated with sepsis, as septic patients typically present with low blood pressure. Similarly, bradypnea, or slow breathing, is not a typical characteristic of septic patients; they are more likely to exhibit tachypnea, or rapid breathing. Hypothermia can occur in septic patients but is not as prevalent as hypotension, especially in cases of septic shock, where patients often present with fever or normal temperature until late in the course of illness. Hence, the focus on hypotension as a primary concern in these patients is important for proper management and positive outcomes in critical care settings.